Carbonic acids releases when water and carbon combine together.
Central Question:
How does carbon dioxide affect salt water? Topic Introduction: Ocean Acidification is when the ocean becomes more acidified because too much Carbon Dioxide is dissolved in it. People are emitting more CO2 from industrial processes, burning of fossil fuels (cars, energy), and from respiration of animals. Dissolved CO2 into ocean water changes the pH of the water to a more acidic environment. Organisms that need Calcium Carbonate to build their shells will not able to use the carbonate and will be smaller, more brittle and they may not be able to defend themselves as well.
Pre-Lab Questions:
1. What gas are you blowing into the water?
CO2---> Carbon Dioxide
2. What happens to the gas when you blow it into water?
Dissolves or absorbs into the water
3. How are you measuring the pH of the water during this lab?
The pH (color)
4. What does measuring the pH of the water tell us?
The acidity/basic values and how much carbon dioxide is being absorbed
5. After studying the reactions above, how do you think carbonic acid will affect the pH of salt water?
More acidic
Hypothesis: If I blow or add CO2 to seawater, then it will change the pH.
Protocol:
Control Trial:
First off the control trial is the one that does not change during the experiment.
We added 100ml of saltwater to a 500ml beaker. After to find out if the color changes or not, we record the initial color using the pH table. We placed a white piece of paper underneath to make the color look more vibrant. We stretched a piece of saran wrap to completely cover the top of the beaker. We inserted the straw by poking the hole in through the parafilm.
Then the real project begins. We had Justin, my table partner to be the person that blows the carbon dioxide into the experiment. We set the timer for 2 minutes and record the results every 30 seconds.
The other trials had the same amount of water, how ever temperature and type of water varied differently.
Data graph:
Conclusion:
Yes my conclusion was correct. It was correct because the pH changed colors over a certain amount of time. I learned that over time, acid still increases if carbon dioxide is added into that substance.
"Save Our Shells Project"Central Question:
How does a decrease in the pH of seawater affect the calcium carbonate shells of animals?
Student Pre-Lab Questions:
1. How do organisms make their shells? What are shells made of?
CaCo3
2. What do you expect to happen to the shell in an acidic solution such as vinegar?
It will rust the shell and it will cause the pH levels in the water to change due to the different floating materials.
3. What are the sources of carbon dioxide and which of these sources are most likely to affect ocean pH?
Fossil fuels
Hypothesis: If we put mussel shells in acidic environments, the shells are going to become weak.
Materials we used:
4 Shells (2 Untreated and 2 Pretreated in Vinegar)
150 mL Vinegar
150 Salt Water
1 Beaker
1 Tweezer
3 Paper towels
1 Sharpie
1 Timer
Protocol:
First off we gathered all our materials together to make this experiment more efficient and easier. We removed two untreated shells from the bag and labeled them, one of them E, and the other C. After that we gave everyone a role in the group. We observed the shells and soon after we started to take quantitative data. We measured the shells and then we recorded it into our table. We then set up our liquid to testify our hypothesis. We measured the vinegar up to 150 ml in one beaker, and in the other beaker we measured salt water up to 150 ml as well. We set the timer for 30 minutes and observed both of the shells in the liquid together. After 30 minutes has passed, we observed the pre treated shells, one that was treated with Low Exposure, and the other with High Exposure. The other two shells, we took out carefully with tweezers and laid them on top of napkins. We dried the shells as best and we could and then measured them again. We found the difference between the shells and it was a 1 unit mass difference.
This is our data table.
We also did another project to test the strength of the shells.
Most of our shells only handled 2 books since it was low in mass.
Analysis/Discussion of Data:
1. When you immersed the shells in vinegar how did you know that a reaction was happening?
It started to bubble up and then the color of the shell started to erode.
2. How did observing the shells in vinegar relate to how animals are affected by a lower pH of ocean water?
The acidity in oceans are greatly more impacted because they are alive, how ever shells are not. Which does harm to the animal and the habitat.
3. How would shelled organisms be affected by a lower pH of ocean water?
Shelled animals depend on their shells to protect them from harm against predators. It is their basic foundation of life.
4. What are the primary functions of shell for these animals?
To catch prey, shells to protect them, and a home.
5. Does it cost the animal energy to rebuild or repair their shell?
Yes it does because instead of naturally using calcium carbonate, they have to use more strength.
Conclusion/summary:
The ocean is becoming more acidified because of carbon dioxide increasing in value. When we think about the ecology, we sort of end up with an environment out of balance. We continue to emit CO2 that our ocean is becoming more acidic because of industrial process; burning of fossil fuels, electricity, and respiration of animals. This is sad because most of us depend on the ocean for food. We are basically the biggest predators in this world, affecting every animal there is.
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Central Question:
How does carbon dioxide affect salt water? Topic Introduction: Ocean Acidification is when the ocean becomes more acidified because too much Carbon Dioxide is dissolved in it. People are emitting more CO2 from industrial processes, burning of fossil fuels (cars, energy), and from respiration of animals. Dissolved CO2 into ocean water changes the pH of the water to a more acidic environment. Organisms that need Calcium Carbonate to build their shells will not able to use the carbonate and will be smaller, more brittle and they may not be able to defend themselves as well.
Pre-Lab Questions:
1. What gas are you blowing into the water?
CO2---> Carbon Dioxide
2. What happens to the gas when you blow it into water?
Dissolves or absorbs into the water
3. How are you measuring the pH of the water during this lab?
The pH (color)
4. What does measuring the pH of the water tell us?
The acidity/basic values and how much carbon dioxide is being absorbed
5. After studying the reactions above, how do you think carbonic acid will affect the pH of salt water?
More acidic
Hypothesis: If I blow or add CO2 to seawater, then it will change the pH.
Protocol:
Control Trial:
First off the control trial is the one that does not change during the experiment.
We added 100ml of saltwater to a 500ml beaker. After to find out if the color changes or not, we record the initial color using the pH table. We placed a white piece of paper underneath to make the color look more vibrant. We stretched a piece of saran wrap to completely cover the top of the beaker. We inserted the straw by poking the hole in through the parafilm.
Then the real project begins. We had Justin, my table partner to be the person that blows the carbon dioxide into the experiment. We set the timer for 2 minutes and record the results every 30 seconds.
The other trials had the same amount of water, how ever temperature and type of water varied differently.
Data graph:
Conclusion:
Yes my conclusion was correct. It was correct because the pH changed colors over a certain amount of time. I learned that over time, acid still increases if carbon dioxide is added into that substance.
"Save Our Shells Project"Central Question:
How does a decrease in the pH of seawater affect the calcium carbonate shells of animals?
Student Pre-Lab Questions:
1. How do organisms make their shells? What are shells made of?
CaCo3
2. What do you expect to happen to the shell in an acidic solution such as vinegar?
It will rust the shell and it will cause the pH levels in the water to change due to the different floating materials.
3. What are the sources of carbon dioxide and which of these sources are most likely to affect ocean pH?
Fossil fuels
Hypothesis: If we put mussel shells in acidic environments, the shells are going to become weak.
Materials we used:
4 Shells (2 Untreated and 2 Pretreated in Vinegar)
150 mL Vinegar
150 Salt Water
1 Beaker
1 Tweezer
3 Paper towels
1 Sharpie
1 Timer
Protocol:
First off we gathered all our materials together to make this experiment more efficient and easier. We removed two untreated shells from the bag and labeled them, one of them E, and the other C. After that we gave everyone a role in the group. We observed the shells and soon after we started to take quantitative data. We measured the shells and then we recorded it into our table. We then set up our liquid to testify our hypothesis. We measured the vinegar up to 150 ml in one beaker, and in the other beaker we measured salt water up to 150 ml as well. We set the timer for 30 minutes and observed both of the shells in the liquid together. After 30 minutes has passed, we observed the pre treated shells, one that was treated with Low Exposure, and the other with High Exposure. The other two shells, we took out carefully with tweezers and laid them on top of napkins. We dried the shells as best and we could and then measured them again. We found the difference between the shells and it was a 1 unit mass difference.
This is our data table.
We also did another project to test the strength of the shells.
Most of our shells only handled 2 books since it was low in mass.
Analysis/Discussion of Data:
1. When you immersed the shells in vinegar how did you know that a reaction was happening?
It started to bubble up and then the color of the shell started to erode.
2. How did observing the shells in vinegar relate to how animals are affected by a lower pH of ocean water?
The acidity in oceans are greatly more impacted because they are alive, how ever shells are not. Which does harm to the animal and the habitat.
3. How would shelled organisms be affected by a lower pH of ocean water?
Shelled animals depend on their shells to protect them from harm against predators. It is their basic foundation of life.
4. What are the primary functions of shell for these animals?
To catch prey, shells to protect them, and a home.
5. Does it cost the animal energy to rebuild or repair their shell?
Yes it does because instead of naturally using calcium carbonate, they have to use more strength.
Conclusion/summary:
The ocean is becoming more acidified because of carbon dioxide increasing in value. When we think about the ecology, we sort of end up with an environment out of balance. We continue to emit CO2 that our ocean is becoming more acidic because of industrial process; burning of fossil fuels, electricity, and respiration of animals. This is sad because most of us depend on the ocean for food. We are basically the biggest predators in this world, affecting every animal there is.
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